The Calgary Principles
Canadian indigenous activist Dacajaweiah (John Boncore), seized by security forces last year when he attempted to make a citizen's arrest of George W Bush, was in court on 8 March 2010. Professor Anthony J Hall says the case highlights the need for new principles, the Calgary Principles, to amend the victor's justice of the Nuremberg principles in light of the new impunities for high level crimes against humanity and the need to protect and honor civil resistance to those high crimes. Prior to Bush's visit, the Canadian group Lawyers Against the War asked Canadian officials to bar entry or try Bush for his suspected crimes since Canadian Law prohibits people suspected of any involvement in torture or other war crimes and crimes against humanity from entering Canada for any period and for any purpose. The most effective way to deny safe haven to people involved or complicit in war crimes or crimes against humanity is to prevent them from coming to Canada. Lawyers Against the War and protestors implored the government to do their duty and arrest Bush. "Dac" was carrying papers detailing the evidence against George W Bush, which he had planned to serve him with on behalf of the victims, and he raised his hands to show that he was non-violent. Dac was then thrown down, stomped on, kicked, handcuffed, and led off to be brutalized in a Calgary jail. Dacajaweiah's action in Calgary highlights the abject failure of law enforcement agencies to do their job. It highlights the unwillingness of police and those who direct them to apply the law equitably and independently. As the Nuremberg principles make clear, the implicated law enforcement officers cannot claim in their defense that they were merely following orders in deciding to arrest Dacajaweiah rather than George W Bush. The trial presents a platform for new rules and protocols to be known as the Calgary Principles. It has been six decades since the UN General Assembly agreed to a refinement of the principles that emerged from the trial of top Nazis, as well as their juridical, medical, and industrialist accomplices. During those decades, there has been an intensification of the impunity that immunizes those at the top of the hierarchy of wealth and power from any legal accountability for their crimes.
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